Data & consent · Accountability lens

The Surveillance Economy

What is surveillance economy?

A business environment in which tracking, profiling, and monetizing people’s behavior become central sources of value. It raises questions about meaningful choice, transparency, and the value people receive for their information.

The Surveillance Economy: an illustrative example

Someone downloads a free app and later discovers that its location data supports advertising profiles across other services. The collection was buried in terms they did not understand.

Sources and related reading

This is a practical accountability lens. Examples illustrate the concept; they are not verified client results. Working definitions and accountability lenses are not claims of a universal standard or original coinage.

  • Access control

    Rules and technical measures restricting who can use information or systems.

  • AI disclosure

    Clear information about material AI involvement in a service or communication.

  • Anonymization

    Transforming data so people are not reasonably identifiable in its context of use.

  • Audit trail

    A record of actions that supports review of what happened.

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See The Surveillance Economy in the full glossary

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